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Drug Overdose: Signs, Emergency Response & Prevention

Learn how to recognize an overdose, respond in an emergency, and prevent overdose deaths.

Medical Disclaimer: The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about addiction treatment.

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Overview

A drug overdose occurs when a person takes a toxic amount of a substance or combination of substances. Overdoses can be accidental or intentional and may involve prescription medications, illicit drugs, alcohol, or over-the-counter drugs.

Signs of Overdose

Opioid Overdose

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  • Slowed or stopped breathing
  • Blue/gray skin
  • Unresponsiveness
  • Pinpoint pupils
  • Gurgling sounds

Stimulant Overdose

  • Chest pain
  • Seizures
  • Extremely high temperature
  • Agitation
  • Loss of consciousness

Alcohol Overdose

  • Confusion
  • Vomiting
  • Seizures
  • Slow breathing
  • Hypothermia
  • Unconsciousness

Emergency Response

  • Call 911 immediately
  • Administer naloxone for suspected opioid overdose
  • Provide rescue breaths if needed
  • Place person on their side
  • Stay with them
  • Good Samaritan laws in many states provide legal protection for reporting overdoses

Prevention Strategies

  • Carry naloxone
  • Never use alone
  • Use fentanyl test strips
  • Avoid mixing substances
  • Start low and go slow after any period of abstinence (tolerance drops rapidly)
  • Store medications safely
  • Get connected with treatment services

Related Resources

FindAddictionTreatments.com provides informational content and referral services. We are not a treatment facility. Individual treatment outcomes vary. No specific results are guaranteed.

National Resources: SAMHSA National Helpline | 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: Call or text 988 | SAMHSA Treatment Locator: findtreatment.gov

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